In Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead, Gail Wynand is one of the main characters. On Jack's fake passport, his last name is shown to be Wynand.Each bottle of Arcadia Merlot is embossed with the name "Fountainhead Cabernet Sauvignon," which may be another direct reference to Rand's novel The Fountainhead.This is the idea on which Andrew Ryan's city is based. Objectivism is the idea that one should follow their own self-interest and profit from their own abilities and ambitions while being virtually uninhibited by others. Ayn Rand's philosophy, called Objectivism, greatly influences the story of BioShock.Posters can be found that say "Who is Atlas" are references to the regularly repeated expression "Who is John Galt" in Atlas Shrugged.The name Frank Fontaine was inspired by the title The Fountainhead.Ayn Rand's original last name was Rosenbaum, which is paralleled by the character Tenenbaum.Her name is also an anagram of the author's with letters added: AYN RAND converts to ANYa ANDeRsdotter. A minor character in the game, Anya Andersdotter, shares the same characteristic Bob cut as Ayn Rand.The name Atlas was inspired by the title of one of Ayn Rand's most famous books, Atlas Shrugged.In The Fountainhead Howard Roark dynamites the Cortlandt housing project when his designs had been altered. During Rapture Central Control, Andrew Ryan starts a self-destruct sequence for Rapture, because he does not want to see Atlas take control of his city.This seems to be a direct reference once again to Atlas Shrugged, in which the character Ellis Wyatt sets fire to his valuable oil fields for similar reasons. In a radio message from Andrew Ryan in Arcadia, we learn that he set fire to his own land rather than let it fall into public hands.Both created their own city to explore their ideas: Rand created Atlantis in Galt's Gulch in her novel Atlas Shrugged, while Ryan created Rapture. Both Andrew Ryan and Ayn Rand were originally Belarusian Jews from the Soviet Union, but moved to America to avoid the increasing tensions of Communism. Andrew Ryan's philosophy, his name, and some of his history were based on Ayn Rand.
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